Structures

1. A simple program demonstrating structure

    Code Listing: 

// Purpose: Demonstrates the use of structure in C++.
// Stores some personal data in a structure, then prints
// the info out.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
// Defining a structure
struct PersonalData
{
char *FirstName;
char *LastName;
char *Birthday; // in the format of 12/30/1978
int PhoneNum;
}; // don't forget the ending ";"

// Declaring a variable of type PersonalData
PersonalData PersonOne;

// Populate PersonOne with data
PersonOne.FirstName = "John";
PersonOne.LastName = "Doe";
PersonOne.Birthday = "12/30/1978";
PersonOne.PhoneNum = 5855555;

// Print the data out
cout << "PersonOne's First name is: " << PersonOne.FirstName << endl;
cout << "PersonOne's Last name is: " << PersonOne.LastName<< endl;
cout << "PersonOne's Birthday is: " << PersonOne.Birthday<< endl;
cout << "PersonOne's Phone number is: " << PersonOne.PhoneNum<< endl;

return 0;
}
 

    Running session:

PersonOne's First name is: John
PersonOne's Last name is: Doe
PersonOne's Birthday is: 12/30/1978
PersonOne's Phone number is: 5855555
 

2. Nested structure

Code listing:

// Purpose: Demonstrates the use of nested structure in C++.
// Stores some personal data in a structure, then prints
// the info out.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
// Defining a structure for name
struct Name
{
char *FirstName;
char *LastName;
};

struct PersonalData
{
Name NameField; // struct as a memeber
char *Birthday; // in the format of 12/30/1978
int PhoneNum;
}; // don't forget the ending ";"

// Declaring a variable of type PersonalData
PersonalData PersonOne;


PersonOne.NameField.FirstName = "John";
PersonOne.NameField.LastName = "Doe";

// Populate PersonOne with data
PersonOne.Birthday = "12/30/1978";
PersonOne.PhoneNum = 5855555;

// Print the data out
cout << "First name is: " << PersonOne.NameField.FirstName << endl;
cout << "Last name is: " << PersonOne.NameField.LastName<< endl;
cout << "Birthday is: " << PersonOne.Birthday<< endl;
cout << "Phone number is: " << PersonOne.PhoneNum<< endl;

return 0;
}
 

Running session:

First name is: John
Last name is: Doe
Birthday is: 12/30/1978
Phone number is: 5855555
 

3. Using functions in structure

    Code Listing: 

// Purpose: Demonstrates the use of funciton in C++ struct.
// Stores some personal data in a structure, then prints
// the info out.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{

struct PersonalData
{
char *FirstName;
char *LastName;
char *Birthday; // in the format of 12/30/1978
int PhoneNum;

// struc can also have member functions
void PrintDat()
{
// Print the data out
cout << "First name is: " << FirstName << endl;
cout << "Last name is: " << LastName << endl;
cout << "Birthday is: " << Birthday << endl;
cout << "Phone number is: " << PhoneNum << endl;
}
}; // don't forget the ending ";"

// Declaring a variable of type PersonalData
PersonalData PersonOne;

// Populate PersonOne with data
PersonOne.FirstName = "John";
PersonOne.LastName = "Doe";
PersonOne.Birthday = "12/30/1978";
PersonOne.PhoneNum = 5855555;

PersonOne.PrintDat();
return 0;
}

    Running session:

First name is: John
Last name is: Doe
Birthday is: 12/30/1978
Phone number is: 5855555